Percentages represent proportions of total body surface area.
1įig - The rule of nines, for burns in people at least 10 years old Burns with slow capillary refill, or that are white, mottled or cherry red in appearance, are likely to be deep.
First degree burn treatment guidelines skin#
Any burn that is only erythematous and does not have blisters or a break in the skin is superficial.Īny burn with brisk capillary refill is also likely to be superficial. 1Ĭapillary refill is a good indicator of the depth of the burn. In addition, the palm and fingers of the patient of all ages can be used to estimate 1% total body surface area, which is useful when calculating scattered burn injuries. 1, 4 In children under 10 years old, the rule varies slightly, as the head represents a larger proportion of their body surface area. 4 For a person at least 10 years old, the head is equal to 9%, each upper limb 9%, the anterior trunk 18%, the posterior trunk 18% and each lower limb 18% ( see Fig.). The rule of nines is a practical method to quantify the area affected by the burn.
The depth of the injury is determined by the temperature of the heat source and the duration of contact with that source. The significance of a burn injury depends on its depth and the percentage of total body surface area affected.
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